What did the researchers expect regarding the humility scores of the managers?

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Multiple Choice

What did the researchers expect regarding the humility scores of the managers?

Explanation:
Researchers often test a directional expectation before looking at the data. They predicted that managers would have higher humility scores than what the results actually showed. The observed scores were lower than that expectation, so the best description is that they expected higher humility scores than what was observed. If the study had been predicting no change or unpredictable variation, those would fit different kinds of hypotheses, but here the emphasis was on a higher anticipated level that didn’t materialize.

Researchers often test a directional expectation before looking at the data. They predicted that managers would have higher humility scores than what the results actually showed. The observed scores were lower than that expectation, so the best description is that they expected higher humility scores than what was observed. If the study had been predicting no change or unpredictable variation, those would fit different kinds of hypotheses, but here the emphasis was on a higher anticipated level that didn’t materialize.

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