What do the notes imply about observations?

• A. Only those that are credible should be evaluated.
• B. All observations are equally credible.
• C. Observations are irrelevant to the discussion.
• D. They should be dismissed regardless of credibility.

Answer: (A)

The main idea being tested is how we treat evidence when forming conclusions: only observations that are credible should be evaluated. Credible observations come from reliable sources, use sound methods, have enough supporting data, and are not obviously biased. Focusing on credibility helps ensure conclusions are based on trustworthy information rather than weak anecdotes or faulty data.

If we said all observations are equally credible, we’d risk drawing conclusions from unreliable or biased inputs. Saying observations are irrelevant would ignore the role evidence plays in a discussion, and saying they should be dismissed regardless of credibility would throw away legitimate, useful data.